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2016年一季(ji)度建材工(gong)業運行形勢分(fen)析

發布時間:2016-06-14 點擊次數:3893次

國務院辦公廳(ting)日前印發了《關于促進建(jian)(jian)材(cai)工(gong)業(ye)穩(wen)(wen)增(zeng)長調(diao)結構(gou)(gou)增(zeng)效(xiao)(xiao)益的指(zhi)導(dao)意(yi)(yi)見》(國辦發〔2016〕34號),為加快(kuai)建(jian)(jian)材(cai)工(gong)業(ye)的轉型升(sheng)級、結構(gou)(gou)調(diao)整和穩(wen)(wen)增(zeng)長指(zhi)明了方向,提供了政策依據。今年(nian)3月份以來我國國民經(jing)(jing)濟宏觀環境和建(jian)(jian)材(cai)經(jing)(jing)濟運(yun)行(xing)出現向好動向,建(jian)(jian)材(cai)投資相關類(lei)產品(pin)需求(qiu)增(zeng)速回(hui)升(sheng),價(jia)(jia)格(ge)止(zhi)跌回(hui)升(sheng),建(jian)(jian)材(cai)工(gong)業(ye)增(zeng)長速度止(zhi)跌趨(qu)穩(wen)(wen)。當前建(jian)(jian)材(cai)經(jing)(jing)濟運(yun)行(xing)下行(xing)下滑壓力(li)并沒(mei)有(you)緩解,需求(qiu)回(hui)升(sheng)乏力(li)。建(jian)(jian)材(cai)產品(pin)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)回(hui)升(sheng)但仍處于低價(jia)(jia)位,行(xing)業(ye)經(jing)(jing)濟效(xiao)(xiao)益繼(ji)續下滑。《指(zhi)導(dao)意(yi)(yi)見》的印發,將有(you)力(li)促進我國建(jian)(jian)材(cai)工(gong)業(ye)去產能(neng)、補短板、行(xing)業(ye)自律等供給側結構(gou)(gou)性改革的步伐,推(tui)動建(jian)(jian)材(cai)工(gong)業(ye)穩(wen)(wen)增(zeng)長調(diao)結構(gou)(gou)增(zeng)效(xiao)(xiao)益的步伐。


  一(yi)、今(jin)年(nian)以來建材工業經濟(ji)運行概況


  1、建材(cai)生產(chan)增速止(zhi)跌趨平(ping)


  據國家(jia)統計局數據分(fen)析,今年前二個月(yue)(yue)規(gui)模以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)建材(cai)工業銷售(shou)額(e)同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長0.8%,是新世紀以(yi)(yi)來低增(zeng)長速度。一季(ji)度規(gui)模以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)建材(cai)工業銷售(shou)額(e)同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長3.2%,同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)速比(bi)(bi)1-2月(yue)(yue)份回升2.4個百(bai)分(fen)點(dian),比(bi)(bi)去年全年高0.8個百(bai)分(fen)點(dian)。1-4月(yue)(yue)份,規(gui)上(shang)(shang)建材(cai)銷售(shou)額(e)同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長3.5%,同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)速比(bi)(bi)1-3月(yue)(yue)份回升0.3個百(bai)分(fen)點(dian),回升幅度放緩。


  前兩個月,在建(jian)材(cai)(cai)主要產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)中(zhong)(zhong),水(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)、平(ping)板(ban)(ban)玻(bo)璃(li)(li)、混凝土(tu)樁、陶(tao)瓷磚(zhuan)、衛生(sheng)陶(tao)瓷、石膏板(ban)(ban)等10種產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)同比下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)。3月份,建(jian)材(cai)(cai)主要產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)當月產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)同比都呈(cheng)現正增(zeng)長(chang),水(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)、平(ping)板(ban)(ban)玻(bo)璃(li)(li)、陶(tao)瓷磚(zhuan)等產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)累計增(zeng)速(su)(su)從負增(zeng)長(chang)轉(zhuan)為正增(zeng)長(chang)。進入(ru)4月份,建(jian)材(cai)(cai)主要產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)增(zeng)長(chang)延續一(yi)季度態勢,受(shou)投資建(jian)筑(zhu)安裝工(gong)程增(zeng)速(su)(su)溫和(he)回升拉動,水(shui)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)、商混等產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)在去(qu)年同期的低水(shui)平(ping)上低速(su)(su)回升;受(shou)建(jian)材(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)出口數量(liang)下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)影(ying)響,衛生(sheng)陶(tao)瓷等產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)繼續下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang);受(shou)國內消費增(zeng)速(su)(su)高(gao)位(wei)回落影(ying)響,平(ping)板(ban)(ban)玻(bo)璃(li)(li)、板(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)、玻(bo)纖、陶(tao)瓷磚(zhuan)、石膏板(ban)(ban)等產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)中(zhong)(zhong)低速(su)(su)增(zeng)長(chang)。


  4月(yue)(yue)份全(quan)國(guo)水(shui)泥(ni)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)在3月(yue)(yue)份實現同(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)長的基礎上進一步(bu)放大,當(dang)月(yue)(yue)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)2.2億(yi)噸,環比增(zeng)(zeng)長7.4%,1-4月(yue)(yue)份全(quan)國(guo)水(shui)泥(ni)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)6.6億(yi)噸,同(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)長3.2%,保持(chi)在合理增(zeng)(zeng)長區間。3、4兩月(yue)(yue)當(dang)月(yue)(yue)全(quan)國(guo)水(shui)泥(ni)熟(shu)料(liao)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)同(tong)比都呈現正增(zeng)(zeng)長,由于前(qian)段時間錯峰生產(chan)(chan)影響的延續,前(qian)4個月(yue)(yue)全(quan)國(guo)水(shui)泥(ni)熟(shu)料(liao)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)同(tong)比仍然(ran)下降。商混前(qian)4個月(yue)(yue)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)同(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)速回升。


  4月(yue)份全(quan)國平板(ban)玻(bo)璃(li)當(dang)月(yue)產(chan)量(liang)6235萬重(zhong)量(liang)箱,環比(bi)下(xia)降(jiang)3.7%,1-4月(yue)份產(chan)量(liang)2.5億重(zhong)量(liang)箱,同比(bi)增長僅1.7%。陶瓷磚累計產(chan)量(liang)雖然從負增長轉為正增長,回升微(wei)弱,仍然處于(yu)去年下(xia)半(ban)年以來的下(xia)行通道(dao)。前4個月(yue),全(quan)國衛生陶瓷產(chan)量(liang)同比(bi)則下(xia)降(jiang)。


  復合材料向(xiang)風電、石(shi)化機械(xie)部(bu)件制造(zao)的延伸(shen),特(te)別是近年來向(xiang)運(yun)輸(shu)設備(bei)部(bu)件制造(zao)的延伸(shen),今(jin)年1-4月(yue)份(fen)(fen)纖維增(zeng)強塑料產(chan)量(liang)同(tong)比增(zeng)長(chang)率在建材主要產(chan)品產(chan)量(liang)中(zhong)增(zeng)長(chang)速(su)度(du)高。鋼化、夾層、中(zhong)空三種技術玻璃產(chan)量(liang)有升(sheng)有降,1-4月(yue)份(fen)(fen)三種技術玻璃產(chan)量(liang)2.1億平(ping)方米(mi),同(tong)比增(zeng)長(chang)5.9%。大理石(shi)和花崗石(shi)板材產(chan)量(liang)1-4月(yue)份(fen)(fen)同(tong)比增(zeng)長(chang),石(shi)膏板產(chan)量(liang)同(tong)比增(zeng)長(chang)微弱。


  2、 3月(yue)份以后建材主要產品出廠價格(ge)環(huan)比回升,價格(ge)水平仍(reng)遠低于去年同(tong)期


  今年(nian)前(qian)兩(liang)個月建(jian)材(cai)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)出(chu)廠(chang)(chang)價(jia)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)同(tong)比(bi)下(xia)降(jiang)4.2%,年(nian)初建(jian)材(cai)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)價(jia)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)相當于(yu)2009年(nian)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)。4月份建(jian)材(cai)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)出(chu)廠(chang)(chang)價(jia)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)環(huan)(huan)比(bi)上(shang)(shang)漲(zhang)0.2%,是今年(nian)以(yi)來一次(ci)回升,帶動同(tong)比(bi)指數從一季度的下(xia)降(jiang)4.5%縮(suo)小到下(xia)降(jiang)4.1%。水(shui)泥價(jia)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)自3月份止跌回升以(yi)后,4月份全國水(shui)泥平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)出(chu)廠(chang)(chang)價(jia)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)環(huan)(huan)比(bi)上(shang)(shang)漲(zhang)2.4%,同(tong)比(bi)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)仍(reng)然低(di)于(yu)去年(nian)同(tong)期(qi)12.1%,仍(reng)處于(yu)較低(di)價(jia)位;平(ping)(ping)板玻璃(li)出(chu)廠(chang)(chang)價(jia)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)受(shou)3月份產(chan)(chan)量(liang)增加影響(xiang),出(chu)現(xian)微幅下(xia)調,全國平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)出(chu)廠(chang)(chang)價(jia)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)環(huan)(huan)比(bi)下(xia)降(jiang)0.5%,建(jian)筑用玻璃(li)全國平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)出(chu)廠(chang)(chang)價(jia)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)長(chang)期(qi)在行(xing)業(ye)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)成本(ben)線徘(pai)徊(huai)。建(jian)材(cai)主(zhu)要(yao)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)中,除石材(cai)、防水(shui)材(cai)料、隔熱隔音材(cai)料及(ji)部分非(fei)礦產(chan)(chan)品(pin)外,多數產(chan)(chan)品(pin)價(jia)格(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)仍(reng)然低(di)于(yu)去年(nian)同(tong)期(qi)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)。


  3、建(jian)材(cai)經濟效益持續下滑


  雖然建(jian)材和(he)水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)價(jia)格溫(wen)和(he)上漲,但(dan)其價(jia)格水(shui)(shui)平仍然極低,遠不足以(yi)帶動(dong)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經濟效(xiao)益回升。前4個月建(jian)材行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)因(yin)價(jia)格下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)損(sun)失銷售收(shou)(shou)入600億元,損(sun)失增長(chang)速(su)度4.4個百分點,是建(jian)材增長(chang)回升乏(fa)力的根(gen)本原(yuan)因(yin)。今年一(yi)季度規(gui)模以(yi)上建(jian)材工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)利(li)潤總額同比(bi)下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)1.2%,水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)主營業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)收(shou)(shou)入下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang),全(quan)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)虧損(sun)。1-4月份,規(gui)模以(yi)上建(jian)材工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)利(li)潤總額同比(bi)下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)幅度縮小到0.3%。在建(jian)材主要行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中,除水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)全(quan)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)虧損(sun),技(ji)術(shu)玻(bo)璃(li)、新型墻材行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)利(li)潤增長(chang)繼續上升以(yi)外(wai),多數行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)利(li)潤增幅同比(bi)都(dou)在下(xia)(xia)滑(hua)。


  4、建材固定(ding)資產投資增速大幅度(du)下滑


  據國家統計(ji)局(ju)公布數據分(fen)析,去年(nian)(nian)下(xia)半年(nian)(nian)建材(cai)(cai)固定資(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)投資(zi)(zi)(zi)同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)速(su)跌(die)破10%,今年(nian)(nian)以來建材(cai)(cai)投資(zi)(zi)(zi)增(zeng)(zeng)速(su)繼續大幅(fu)度(du)下(xia)滑(hua)。一季度(du)建材(cai)(cai)工業限(xian)額以上固定資(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)投資(zi)(zi)(zi)同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)1.3%,同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)速(su)比(bi)去年(nian)(nian)同(tong)期下(xia)降12.4個百(bai)分(fen)點(dian)(dian)。1-4月份建材(cai)(cai)工業限(xian)額以上固定資(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)投資(zi)(zi)(zi)同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)2.4%,同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)速(su)比(bi)去年(nian)(nian)同(tong)期下(xia)降8.6個百(bai)分(fen)點(dian)(dian)。


  5、建材出口持續下降


  今年(nian)以來建(jian)(jian)材(cai)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)(kou)大(da)幅(fu)度(du)下降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang),一季度(du)建(jian)(jian)材(cai)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)(kou)76億美元,同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)下降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)13.4%。1-4月(yue)(yue)份建(jian)(jian)材(cai)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)(kou)108億美元,同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)下降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)7.1%,下降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)幅(fu)度(du)比(bi)(bi)1-3月(yue)(yue)份收窄6.3個百分點。今年(nian)以來建(jian)(jian)材(cai)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)(kou)的(de)下降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang),主要受人民幣匯(hui)率(lv)貶值和建(jian)(jian)材(cai)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)(kou)產(chan)品價格(ge)(ge)下降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)的(de)雙(shuang)重(zhong)影響(xiang)。剔(ti)除匯(hui)率(lv)和價格(ge)(ge)變動因素,建(jian)(jian)材(cai)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)(kou)數(shu)量(liang)比(bi)(bi)上年(nian)同(tong)(tong)(tong)期實際增長(chang)2.1%。1-4月(yue)(yue)建(jian)(jian)材(cai)及非礦商品出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)(kou)離(li)岸價格(ge)(ge)平(ping)均(jun)比(bi)(bi)上年(nian)同(tong)(tong)(tong)期下降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)8.9%。除石棉和石棉制(zhi)品以外,建(jian)(jian)筑衛生陶瓷、建(jian)(jian)筑用石、建(jian)(jian)筑和技術玻璃、玻璃纖維及制(zhi)品、水泥(ni)和水泥(ni)熟(shu)料(liao)、水泥(ni)制(zhi)品等建(jian)(jian)材(cai)主要出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)(kou)產(chan)品離(li)岸價格(ge)(ge)都有不同(tong)(tong)(tong)程(cheng)度(du)的(de)下降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。


  今年以來,出口(kou)量占建(jian)(jian)材(cai)出口(kou)近(jin)半數的建(jian)(jian)筑衛生陶瓷、建(jian)(jian)筑用石出口(kou)數量,同比分(fen)別下降4.7%、7.6%。


  今年(nian)建筑與技術玻璃出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)的(de)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang),是建材出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)整體下降(jiang)中(zhong)的(de)一個亮點。1-4月份,建筑與技術玻璃出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)185萬(wan)噸,同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)14.5%,其中(zhong)浮法玻璃出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)11.9%,鋼化、夾層(ceng)、中(zhong)空三種技術玻璃出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)19.1%,導(dao)電玻璃出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)25.1%。


  6、建材產品需求回(hui)穩,回(hui)升(sheng)幅度有(you)限(xian)


  ⑴建材產(chan)品投資需求增速回(hui)升(sheng)是溫和(he)有限


  今年(nian)前兩(liang)個月全(quan)國(guo)(guo)固(gu)定資(zi)(zi)產(chan)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)增(zeng)速(su)(su)出現回升(sheng)(sheng),其(qi)中土地購置等(deng)其(qi)他投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)費(fei)用(yong)增(zeng)速(su)(su)的(de)(de)大幅度回升(sheng)(sheng),是國(guo)(guo)家擴大有效(xiao)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)政策(ce)效(xiao)果的(de)(de)先(xian)期反應(ying),向市場釋放積極信號。一季(ji)度全(quan)國(guo)(guo)固(gu)定資(zi)(zi)產(chan)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)繼續回升(sheng)(sheng),并(bing)且擴大影響(xiang)到建(jian)(jian)筑施工。一季(ji)度建(jian)(jian)筑安(an)裝工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)同(tong)比增(zeng)長11.7%,比1-2月份加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)1.9個百分(fen)點(dian)。從(cong)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)需(xu)求方面詮釋了(le)3月份全(quan)國(guo)(guo)鋼鐵、水泥、混凝土產(chan)銷量增(zeng)速(su)(su)回升(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)原(yuan)因。1-4月份,全(quan)國(guo)(guo)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)建(jian)(jian)安(an)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)同(tong)比增(zeng)長11.8%,僅比1-3月份回升(sheng)(sheng)0.1個百分(fen)點(dian)。當前全(quan)國(guo)(guo)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)建(jian)(jian)安(an)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)增(zeng)長速(su)(su)度,帶動的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)安(an)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)年(nian)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)量約4萬億(yi)元(yuan),而以(yi)往(wang)(wang)年(nian)度20%以(yi)上的(de)(de)增(zeng)長速(su)(su)度,帶動的(de)(de)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)建(jian)(jian)安(an)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)年(nian)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)量在5萬億(yi)元(yuan)以(yi)上,建(jian)(jian)材(cai)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)需(xu)求增(zeng)長量在萎縮。今年(nian)和“十三五”時期建(jian)(jian)材(cai)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)需(xu)求將是平穩增(zeng)長,不可能重現以(yi)往(wang)(wang)的(de)(de)高速(su)(su)增(zeng)長。


  ⑵建材(cai)出口對建材(cai)產業數量增(zeng)長驅動(dong)作用已經消(xiao)失


  建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)陶瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)和(he)(he)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)用(yong)石(shi)出(chu)口(kou)占我(wo)國(guo)建(jian)(jian)材(cai)出(chu)口(kou)總量(liang)(liang)(liang)50%以上。改革開放以來,我(wo)國(guo)陶瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)磚累計出(chu)口(kou)已(yi)經超過100億平方米(mi),衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)陶瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)累計出(chu)口(kou)7億件,建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)用(yong)石(shi)累計出(chu)口(kou)2.1億噸。我(wo)國(guo)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)陶瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)和(he)(he)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)用(yong)石(shi)出(chu)口(kou)已(yi)經到了數量(liang)(liang)(liang)出(chu)口(kou),今年這兩(liang)類產(chan)(chan)品出(chu)口(kou)數量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)下降,對國(guo)內(nei)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)陶瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)和(he)(he)石(shi)材(cai)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)數量(liang)(liang)(liang)增長(chang)的(de)(de)驅動作(zuo)用(yong)已(yi)經消失。而浮法玻(bo)璃、加工玻(bo)璃、工業玻(bo)璃出(chu)口(kou)的(de)(de)增長(chang),顯示建(jian)(jian)材(cai)出(chu)口(kou)結(jie)構和(he)(he)國(guo)內(nei)產(chan)(chan)業供(gong)給側結(jie)構性調整相(xiang)輔相(xiang)成,建(jian)(jian)材(cai)出(chu)口(kou)促進(jin)產(chan)(chan)業供(gong)給側結(jie)構調整,建(jian)(jian)材(cai)產(chan)(chan)業供(gong)給側結(jie)構轉型升級(ji)又促進(jin)了出(chu)口(kou)產(chan)(chan)品結(jie)構的(de)(de)優化。


  ⑶建(jian)材(cai)消費需求從高速增長轉入平穩增長


  1-4月份全(quan)國建筑及(ji)裝(zhuang)潢(huang)材料類商品零售(shou)額同(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)15.7%,增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速比去年(nian)全(quan)年(nian)水平(ping)(ping)下滑(hua)3個百分點。目前全(quan)國裝(zhuang)飾裝(zhuang)修市(shi)場仍然處(chu)在成長(chang)階段(duan),但受房地產(chan)市(shi)場影(ying)響,已(yi)經從前幾(ji)年(nian)井噴(pen)式增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)進入中低(di)速平(ping)(ping)穩增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)。今年(nian)以來,全(quan)國動車(che)產(chan)量(liang)持續(xu)上升(sheng),轎車(che)、載貨汽車(che)產(chan)量(liang)持續(xu)下降,發(fa)電機組、大氣污(wu)染防治設備產(chan)量(liang)大幅度下降,也表明建材下游產(chan)業消費(fei)需(xu)求轉入平(ping)(ping)穩增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)。


  二、 經濟效益持續低(di)迷凸顯(xian)建材供給側結構性矛(mao)盾


  34號(hao)文的(de)發布表明了(le)國(guo)務(wu)院(yuan)對(dui)建材(cai)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)關(guan)心和重(zhong)視,也說(shuo)明當(dang)前(qian)建材(cai)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)發展遇到(dao)的(de)困難。34號(hao)文的(de)出臺使建材(cai)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)供給側(ce)結構性改革有了(le)更高(gao)層面(mian)的(de)法規可依,對(dui)解決建材(cai)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)面(mian)臨的(de)現(xian)時問(wen)題和長遠問(wen)題,加快推動(dong)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)“去產能(neng)、補(bu)短板”步伐(fa),推進行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)自(zi)律,具有重(zhong)要的(de)指導意義。


  1、傳統產(chan)業(ye)產(chan)能嚴重過剩是建材行業(ye)經濟效益(yi)持續低迷的(de)根本原因。


  ⑴產能過剩(sheng)問題仍未根本性緩解


  自本世紀初,水泥、平(ping)板(ban)玻(bo)璃(li)產(chan)(chan)(chan)能過剩矛(mao)(mao)盾就已經(jing)開始凸顯(xian),但(dan)隨(sui)著近些年(nian)我國國民(min)經(jing)濟增(zeng)(zeng)速仍(reng)然保持(chi)(chi)(chi)較快的(de)(de)增(zeng)(zeng)長速度,建(jian)(jian)材面臨(lin)的(de)(de)市場需求仍(reng)然較為(wei)強(qiang)勁,期(qi)間水泥、平(ping)板(ban)玻(bo)璃(li)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)新(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)能仍(reng)然增(zeng)(zeng)長,產(chan)(chan)(chan)能過剩的(de)(de)問(wen)題在較快增(zeng)(zeng)長的(de)(de)需求掩蓋之下,一直在產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)內積累(lei)和(he)發酵。2014年(nian)以來(lai),我國國民(min)經(jing)濟進入(ru)“新(xin)(xin)常態”以后(hou),龐大的(de)(de)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)能力與逐漸放緩的(de)(de)市場需求增(zeng)(zeng)速之間的(de)(de)矛(mao)(mao)盾急劇(ju)加大,長期(qi)以來(lai)積累(lei)的(de)(de)供需矛(mao)(mao)盾集中爆發,市場供需急劇(ju)失衡,引起產(chan)(chan)(chan)品出廠價格持(chi)(chi)(chi)續下降以及(ji)相關(guan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)的(de)(de)增(zeng)(zeng)速放緩,成為(wei)2014年(nian)以來(lai)建(jian)(jian)材產(chan)(chan)(chan)品平(ping)均出廠價格持(chi)(chi)(chi)續下滑、行(xing)業(ye)經(jing)濟運行(xing)持(chi)(chi)(chi)續下行(xing)的(de)(de)根(gen)本原因(yin)。


  ⑵建(jian)材產品出廠價格持續下滑直接(jie)導致行業經濟(ji)效益低迷。


  在傳統產(chan)業(ye)(ye)產(chan)能嚴重過(guo)剩(sheng)背(bei)景下(xia)(xia),直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)導致(zhi)水泥、平(ping)板玻璃、商品(pin)(pin)(pin)混凝土、水泥制品(pin)(pin)(pin)等建(jian)材主(zhu)要產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)出(chu)廠價格(ge)(ge)的下(xia)(xia)滑(hua)(hua),而建(jian)材宏觀市場(chang)環境的收縮也(ye)導致(zhi)了(le)其它產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)價格(ge)(ge)的下(xia)(xia)行(xing),使(shi)整個(ge)建(jian)材行(xing)業(ye)(ye)自(zi)2014年(nian)末以來連(lian)續(xu)(xu)15個(ge)月產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)出(chu)廠價格(ge)(ge)連(lian)續(xu)(xu)下(xia)(xia)滑(hua)(hua),由此導致(zhi)建(jian)材行(xing)業(ye)(ye)主(zhu)營業(ye)(ye)務收入減少近千(qian)億元,成為建(jian)材行(xing)業(ye)(ye)經濟運行(xing)持續(xu)(xu)下(xia)(xia)行(xing)的直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)原因(yin)。產(chan)能嚴重過(guo)剩(sheng)和市場(chang)需求收縮導致(zhi)了(le)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)價格(ge)(ge)下(xia)(xia)降(jiang),也(ye)為行(xing)業(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)過(guo)度競(jing)爭再度推(tui)低價格(ge)(ge)埋(mai)下(xia)(xia)伏筆。


  2、建(jian)材行業(ye)產業(ye)結構(gou)分化明顯,“補短板”任(ren)務艱(jian)巨


  ⑴產能過剩制約水泥、平(ping)板玻璃效(xiao)益回(hui)升


  水泥、平(ping)(ping)板玻璃產(chan)能嚴重(zhong)過(guo)剩使二(er)者市場供(gong)需存在(zai)很(hen)大的失(shi)衡(heng)預期,也是制約這兩(liang)種(zhong)產(chan)品價格(ge)回(hui)(hui)升(sheng)的主要因素,3月份水泥價格(ge)環比雖(sui)然回(hui)(hui)升(sheng),但(dan)回(hui)(hui)升(sheng)已(yi)顯乏力。當前全國水泥價格(ge)平(ping)(ping)均水平(ping)(ping)不(bu)僅遠遠低(di)于歷史(shi)好水平(ping)(ping),而(er)且低(di)于去年(nian)同期水平(ping)(ping),平(ping)(ping)板玻璃價格(ge)去年(nian)已(yi)經止跌趨平(ping)(ping),但(dan)一年(nian)多(duo)來持續在(zai)行(xing)業盈虧平(ping)(ping)衡(heng)線徘(pai)徊。去產(chan)能和行(xing)業自律問(wen)題不(bu)解決,水泥、平(ping)(ping)板玻璃行(xing)業經濟效益回(hui)(hui)升(sheng)無望。


  ⑵建筑(zhu)衛(wei)生陶瓷、建筑(zhu)用石(shi)行業(ye)經濟運行處于下(xia)滑(hua)下(xia)行通道


  去年以來國內消費增(zeng)速(su)的(de)回落和(he)出(chu)口的(de)下(xia)降,導致建筑(zhu)衛生(sheng)陶瓷(ci)和(he)建筑(zhu)用(yong)石行業經濟運(yun)行態勢出(chu)現下(xia)行。


  去(qu)年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)初建筑衛生(sheng)陶(tao)(tao)瓷(ci)業銷(xiao)(xiao)售收入同比增長(chang)(chang)(chang)11%,利潤增長(chang)(chang)(chang)16.1%,到(dao)年(nian)(nian)末陶(tao)(tao)瓷(ci)磚產量出(chu)現(xian)負增長(chang)(chang)(chang),銷(xiao)(xiao)售增速(su)急劇下(xia)滑到(dao)3.8%,全年(nian)(nian)利潤僅增長(chang)(chang)(chang)1%。今(jin)年(nian)(nian)以來受節能(neng)減(jian)排壓力和出(chu)口下(xia)降(jiang)影響(xiang),陶(tao)(tao)瓷(ci)主產區產量下(xia)降(jiang)。一季度陶(tao)(tao)瓷(ci)磚產量僅增長(chang)(chang)(chang)0.6%,衛生(sheng)陶(tao)(tao)瓷(ci)制品同比下(xia)降(jiang)2.6%,一季度行(xing)業銷(xiao)(xiao)售同比增長(chang)(chang)(chang)1.8%,增速(su)同比回落(luo)6.2個(ge)百分點,利潤增速(su)下(xia)滑2.7個(ge)百分點。


  石(shi)材(cai)是(shi)去年(nian)(nian)規(gui)(gui)(gui)模以(yi)上建(jian)材(cai)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)中(zhong)表現好行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)之一(yi)。去年(nian)(nian)全(quan)年(nian)(nian)和今年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)初,規(gui)(gui)(gui)模以(yi)上建(jian)筑用石(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)產量、銷(xiao)售額(e)持(chi)續(xu)保持(chi)上升(sheng)態(tai)勢。3月(yue)份(fen)石(shi)材(cai)價格下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)降(jiang),一(yi)季度(du)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)利(li)潤同比(bi)僅增長(chang)3.4%,比(bi)去年(nian)(nian)全(quan)年(nian)(nian)水平下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)滑6個百分點。石(shi)材(cai)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)有企(qi)業(ye)(ye)2.5萬家,規(gui)(gui)(gui)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)銷(xiao)售額(e)占20%。今年(nian)(nian)以(yi)來,石(shi)材(cai)規(gui)(gui)(gui)上企(qi)業(ye)(ye)增加300多家,新增的(de)規(gui)(gui)(gui)上企(qi)業(ye)(ye)支(zhi)撐了規(gui)(gui)(gui)上石(shi)材(cai)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)產量、銷(xiao)售額(e)的(de)增長(chang)。從全(quan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)分析判斷,出口(kou)大(da)幅度(du)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)降(jiang)和國內消費不足,石(shi)材(cai)全(quan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)經濟運行(xing)(xing)(xing)也處(chu)在(zai)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)滑下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)行(xing)(xing)(xing)通道。


  ⑶新(xin)興(xing)產(chan)業低端同質化產(chan)品過剩,價格、效益(yi)下滑(hua)


  今年以(yi)(yi)來(lai),礦物纖維(wei)和纖維(wei)增強塑料(liao)價格(ge)(ge)同(tong)比(bi)下降(jiang)1.3%,利潤增長(chang)幅(fu)(fu)度同(tong)比(bi)回(hui)落(luo)9.8個百分點(dian);輕質建(jian)(jian)(jian)材價格(ge)(ge)同(tong)比(bi)下降(jiang)2.4%,利潤增幅(fu)(fu)回(hui)落(luo)13.1個百分點(dian),隔(ge)熱隔(ge)音材料(liao)價格(ge)(ge)低(di)位回(hui)升,利潤增幅(fu)(fu)仍然回(hui)落(luo)16.9個百分點(dian)。建(jian)(jian)(jian)材新興(xing)產業發展(zhan)重(zhong)(zhong)復了傳統產業發展(zhan)過(guo)程中的弊病,企業興(xing)起一窩蜂,低(di)端、同(tong)質化(hua)產品多,市(shi)場混亂。在需求不足(zu)情況下,低(di)端、同(tong)質化(hua)產品產能過(guo)剩,產品價格(ge)(ge)下滑(hua),行業效益下行。當(dang)前新興(xing)產業在建(jian)(jian)(jian)材所占比(bi)重(zhong)(zhong)仍然很(hen)小,一定時期內難(nan)以(yi)(yi)成(cheng)為(wei)建(jian)(jian)(jian)材行業增長(chang)的支撐(cheng)。


  ⑷建(jian)材企業組織結構優(you)化(hua)成為今年以來建(jian)材行業增(zeng)速回升的主要動力


  從國家(jia)統計局提供數(shu)據分析,今(jin)年(nian)規(gui)上(shang)建(jian)材企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)數(shu)量繼續(xu)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)。水(shui)泥、平板(ban)玻(bo)(bo)璃、石(shi)棉水(shui)泥、建(jian)筑陶瓷、玻(bo)(bo)纖、云(yun)母(mu)制品(pin)等傳統產業(ye)(ye)規(gui)上(shang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)減(jian)少100多家(jia),混凝土、石(shi)材、磚瓦、輕質建(jian)材、加(jia)工玻(bo)(bo)璃等行(xing)業(ye)(ye)規(gui)上(shang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)近(jin)2000家(jia)。規(gui)上(shang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)行(xing)業(ye)(ye),都(dou)是規(gui)下企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)數(shu)量眾多行(xing)業(ye)(ye),規(gui)上(shang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)的背后是規(gui)下企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)數(shu)量的萎縮。新增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)規(gui)上(shang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)多為(wei)成長(chang)性企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye),因此(ci)推高規(gui)上(shang)建(jian)材增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)速(su)度和減(jian)緩(huan)效益下降幅度約1個百分點,成為(wei)建(jian)材工業(ye)(ye)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)的主要動力。


  3、建材固定(ding)資(zi)產投(tou)資(zi)趨向停滯,持(chi)續穩定(ding)增(zeng)長(chang)支撐力萎縮


  根據(ju)國家統(tong)(tong)計局去年(nian)全年(nian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)限額以(yi)上(shang)固(gu)(gu)定資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)數據(ju)分析,水(shui)泥、平板玻璃(li)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)持續下(xia)降,建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑衛(wei)生(sheng)陶(tao)瓷投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)趨向零增長(chang),技術玻璃(li)、隔熱隔音材(cai)(cai)(cai)料投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)出(chu)現(xian)負(fu)增長(chang),年(nian)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)額超過(guo)1000億元的(de)(de)混凝土與水(shui)泥制(zhi)(zhi)品、建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑用石、磚瓦砌塊、新型墻(qiang)體(ti)屋面建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)等(deng)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)占據(ju)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)前(qian)四位。另外(wai),建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)固(gu)(gu)定資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)中,集體(ti)、私(si)營(ying)、個(ge)人內資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)企事業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)單(dan)位投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)占95%。去年(nian)下(xia)半年(nian)以(yi)來建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)固(gu)(gu)定資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)增速持續滑(hua)落,今(jin)年(nian)以(yi)來建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)民(min)間投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)出(chu)現(xian)負(fu)增長(chang),表明(ming)今(jin)年(nian)前(qian)4個(ge)月建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)2%的(de)(de)微弱(ruo)增長(chang)率,還(huan)是依賴國有和(he)外(wai)企投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)增長(chang)勉強支撐(cheng)。去年(nian)以(yi)來,建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)固(gu)(gu)定資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)中,無論傳統(tong)(tong)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈延伸產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、新興產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)下(xia)降或停滯,將對(dui)今(jin)年(nian)規模(mo)以(yi)上(shang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)增長(chang)速度的(de)(de)回升產(chan)生(sheng)制(zhi)(zhi)約。


  4、推進供給側(ce)結構(gou)性改革是(shi)建材效益回升的(de)根本,加強行業自律應成(cheng)為解決當(dang)前問題(ti)的(de)首要任務。


  3月(yue)份建(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)增(zeng)長速(su)度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)回升(sheng),終結(jie)了2014年(nian)以來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)增(zeng)長速(su)度持(chi)續(xu)下滑態勢(shi)。而當(dang)前(qian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)投資需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)回升(sheng)溫(wen)和(he)有限,出口需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)持(chi)續(xu)下降,消費需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)增(zeng)速(su)回落(luo),決定(ding)了3月(yue)份建(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)增(zeng)長態勢(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)拐(guai)點(dian),是(shi)(shi)(shi)從持(chi)續(xu)回落(luo)走向低(di)速(su)平滑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)拐(guai)點(dian),不是(shi)(shi)(shi)走向回升(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)拐(guai)點(dian)。1-4月(yue)份建(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)增(zeng)長速(su)度只(zhi)比1-3月(yue)份微弱回升(sheng)0.3個百(bai)分點(dian),預示今年(nian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)增(zeng)長速(su)度將(jiang)只(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)3%至(zhi)4%之(zhi)間低(di)速(su)滑行(xing)(xing)。而“去產能(neng)、補短板”,推進建(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)供給側結(jie)構(gou)性改革(ge)是(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)增(zeng)速(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)根本途(tu)徑,也是(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)面臨的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長期任務。但也應兼顧(gu)當(dang)下,在(zai)當(dang)前(qian)需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)回升(sheng)緩慢、產能(neng)過剩嚴重、產品價格持(chi)續(xu)低(di)迷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下,加強行(xing)(xing)業(ye)自律(lv),促使價格盡(jin)快(kuai)回歸合理區間,推動行(xing)(xing)業(ye)經濟效益回升(sheng)應作為(wei)(wei)當(dang)前(qian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)亟需(xu)解決的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首要(yao)問題(ti),不僅是(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)穩增(zeng)長的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)客觀需(xu)要(yao),也為(wei)(wei)建(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)結(jie)構(gou)調整構(gou)建(jian)(jian)(jian)一(yi)個相對平穩的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)境。




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